You can, in fact, apply historical materialism to myth. A myth is an idea and ideas materially exist and are capable of shaping the world and people in it as a consequence. This is especially true when they become the physical practices or written laws of religions that were/are followed by millions/billions of people.

I can, in fact, cite historical context because the practice of idolatry existed throughout the entire period you just covered and would not begin to fully be erased from West Asia until Christianization swept away the old pagan religions - and even then it likely persisted in secret and in rural communities for centuries after the fact. You make it sound like the Fertile Crescent is some lost period of history. We know about Sumer, Babylon, Assyria, Phoenicia, Canaan, Israel, the Nabateans, the various dynasties of Egypt, the Sea Peoples, the Hittites, Urartu, the Medes, Elam, Akkad, etc. There’s an entire meme around a coppersmith scamming his customers that only exists because we found his customer complaint tablets buried in his fucking house for Christ’s sake. This isn’t some vague unknown; we have a pretty good idea of how people in the region lived 4,000-5,000 years ago. Don’t confuse your own ignorance of the region’s history for the collective ignorance of the human race. People have dedicated their whole lives to studying this shit and we are constantly learning more and more through their extensive efforts.

There are plenty of real criticisms of the many hypocrisies in Christianity and Judaism that you can use to rile up zealots and fundamentalists that don’t require this cringe reddit atheism you’re doing.